Contribution of Taylor to Scientific Management Business Studies Chapter 2 || Class 12 || NEB 

Contribution of Taylor To Scientific Management

a)     Experiments

b)     Publication

c)     Techniques or methods of the mechanism of scientific management

1.     Experiment and work-study

2.     Selection of planning and doing

3.     Functional foremanship

4.     Scientific task setting

5.     Differential wage payment

6.     Specialization

7.     Scientific selection and training of workers

8.     Mental revolutions

9.     Economy

 

1. Experiments: Taylor conducted experiments to measure workers' efficiency and speed and determine the capacity of tools and machines. These experiments were carried out during his work at Midvale Steel Company and Bethlehem Steel Company.

2. Publication: He shared his findings through articles, essays, and books, spreading the principles of scientific management worldwide.

3. Techniques or Methods of Scientific Management:

a. Experiment and work-study: Taylor explained how to assign work to each worker through work-study and experimentation. Methods like method-study, motion-study, time-study, and fatigue-study helped determine the workload for each worker.

b. Separation of planning and doing: Taylor emphasized the separation of planning and execution to utilize specialized skills efficiently. Planning was handled by planning in charge, while execution was done by workers under the direction of a factory inspector.

c. Functional foremanship: He proposed implementing the Functional Foremanship Scheme, where four foremen would plan and four would supervise work at the functional level. Each worker would receive specific instructions from all supervisors based on their work area.

d. Scientific task setting: Taylor believed in setting tasks for workers based on scientific research, determining the amount of work a worker could handle to maximize productivity.

e. Differential wage payment: He suggested implementing a differential piece wage system to motivate workers. Workers producing below standards would receive a lower wage rate, while those exceeding standards would receive a higher rate.

f. Specialization: Taylor advocated assigning work to scientifically selected and trained workers and inspecting their work through specialized functional foremen.

g. Scientific selection and training of workers: Taylor emphasized the importance of scientifically selecting, placing, and training workers according to their abilities to achieve desired results from each job.

h. Mental revolution: Taylor stressed the need for a cooperative and harmonious relationship between managers and workers to improve productivity.

i. Economy: Taylor recommended implementing efficient cost accounting systems to reduce production costs and increase profits by controlling inefficiencies and unnecessary expenses.